How do LEDs work?

LED stands for Light Emitting Diode. It is a small electronic component that produces light when electricity flows through it.

An LED works because it is made from a special material called a semiconductor. When current flows through the LED in the correct direction, electrons move and release energy in the form of light.

LEDs only work in one direction. They have:

• A long leg (anode) – positive
  
  

• A short leg (cathode) – negative
  
  

If connected backwards, the LED will not light up.

LEDs require a resistor to limit current. Without a resistor, too much current can burn out the LED.

Different LEDs produce different colors depending on the material used inside. Common colors include red, green, blue, and white.

LEDs are very energy-efficient and last much longer than traditional light bulbs. They are used in screens, flashlights, indicators, and electronic projects.

In summary, LEDs produce light when current flows through a semiconductor material in one direction.